kreager



Feb. 3, 1931. w J KREAGER 1,790,927

BURNER Filed June 24, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 3, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM A. J. KREAGEB, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR; BY ME SNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO BARQUE ROYALTY, INC., OF DENVER, COLORADO, A. CORPORATION OF COLORADO BURNER J Application filed June 24,

This invention relates to improvements in burners of the type employed in the burning of gaseous and/or liquid fuel.

It is the object of this invention to produce a burner of a simple and substantial construction which can be readily adjusted and which can be cheaply made and quickly assembled and disassembled.

It is a further object of this inventionto produce a burner that shall be provided with means for producing a thorough mixture of the fuel and the air so that a complete combustion of'the fuel will be attained.

It is a further object of this invention to produce a burner of such construction that the flame will have a rotary or spiral movement as it emerges from theburner so that it will be brought into contact with the walls of the combustion chamber.

It is a still further object of this invention to produce a burner that is provided with means for enveloping the flames in air so that the combustion will take place in an atmosphere having an excess of oxygen thereby assuring a complete combustion of the fuel.

Another object of theinvention is to produce a burner that shall be provided with means that will prevent liquid fuel from drip-' ping from the end of the burner when the' "same is in operation, and which will direct any unvaporized liquid fuel into the flame at the combustion end of the burner.

The above and other objects which may become apparent as the description proceeds are attained. by means of construction and an arrangement of parts-that will now be described in detail, reference for this purpose being had to the accompanying drawings in which the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and in which: v

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section taken on line 11, Fig. 2; i

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section taken on line 2-2, Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view looking in the direction of arrow 3 Fig. 1, and shows the manner of in-. terconnecting the control valves;

Fig. isa section taken on line H, Fig. 1;

Fig. 5is a section takenon line 55, Fig. 6;

1929. Serial No. 373,202.

nates the cylindrical member that forms the combustion chamber. This member is electrowelded or otherwise secured to the end plate 2 of a boiler. The end of the combustion chamber is closed by means of a plate 3 which is held in place by means of bolts 4. Plate 3 has a center opening 5 to which the outer edge of'the flange 6, that extends out wardly from the cylindrical body member 7 of the burner, is attached.

The burner consists of a tubular'cylindrical member 7 having the radial flange 6 to which reference has just been made and which is provided With outwardly extending hubs 8 and 9. 'The outer end of member 7 has an internally threaded section 10 to which the coupling 11 is attached in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Secured to the outer threaded end 12 of this coupling, is an. L 13 that connects the coupling with the air pipe 14. Pipe 14 is connected to a source of air that is maintained under a slight pressure. The inner end of member 7 extends a short distance into the combustion chamber and has its end chamfered as indicated by reference numeral 15. Directly back of the chamfered inner end are a plurality of deflectors 16 which are arranged helically with respect to the axis of member 7. Thesedeflectors are preferablyformed from separate pieces of metal that are secured to the member 7 by some suitable means, as, for example, being brazed thereto. is a short cylindrical member 18 of a somewhat smaller diameter than'the interior diameter of member 7. One end of this member is provided with an inwardly extending flange 19 whose inner surface is threaded as indicated by numeral 20. Member 18 is also provided with two outwardly extending tubular'hubs 21 and 22. The hub designated by numeral 21 is of larger diameter than the one designated by numeral 22 and these hubs are so located that when member 18 is in place slight pressure. When the connectors 23 and 2A are in place, it is evident that member 18 will be rigidly connected to member 7 and -will be held against relative movement with respect to the latter. A cylindrical member 29 projects inwardly through the opening in flange 19 and'has a threaded section that cooperates with a threaded portion 20 of this flange in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

, The front end of member 29 is thickened and tapered so that it terminates in a sharp edge 30. The shoulder 31 is turned into contact with the outer end of flange 19 when the parts are assembled. Secured to the inner surface of member 29 are a plurality of deflector's 32 that are helically arranged 'with respect to the axis of the burner. Connected with the front end of member 18 is a tubular member 33 whose outer diameter is of such size that it has a pressed fit with the inside of member 18 and which .is'therefore frictionally secured to the latter. Member 33 has its inner surface tapered, the outer end of member 33 terminating in a substantially sharp edge 34, while the inner end is of considerable thickness and is provided with a rabbet 35 which is adapted to receive the adjacent end of member 29. A plurality of openings 36 connect the space 37 between the adjacent surfaces of members 18 and 29 with the interior of member 33. groove 38 is provided in the outer surface of member 33 and this groove is in communication with the interior of the connector 24. The plurality of openings 39 connect groove 38 with the interior of member 33 in the manner shown in Fi 1. Slidably connected with the. outer sur ace of member 33 is a cylindrical sleeve 40. The inner end of sleeve 40 has an internally threaded section 41 with which the nozzle 42 is connected. This nozzle consists of a ring-like member having a cylindrical outer surface 43 that is threadedly con .nected with the threaded section 41. The inner surface 44 is tapered in the manner shown in the drawing. The outer end of the ring extends outwardly to a diameter substantially equal to the outside diameter of member 7. The surface of the outwardly extending portion which has been designated by reference numeral 45 is inclined so as to be parallel with the chamfered surface 15 of member 7 The end of ring 42 is formed by a rearwardly in- An annularparallel inclined surfaces 15 and 45.

.clined surface 46. Member 42 is provided 15 and 45. The air that enters through open- I ings 47 serves to direct any unvaporized oil or liquid fuel into the stream of combustible mixture that enters the combustion chamber through the burner and therefore prevents liquid fuel from dripping from the burner onto the inner surface of the combustion chamber.

For the purpose of adjusting the opening or space between surfaces 15 and 45 means has been providedfor moving members 33 and 40 in the direction of the axis of the burner. The moving or adjusting means con- I sists of a U-shaped member having two parallel arms 48 connected by a base member 49. Member 49 has a hub 50 which is internally threaded for the reception of the threaded portion 51 of a rotary adjusting member 52, to which reference will hereinafter be made. The inner ends of members 48 are secured to the cylindrical sleeve 40 by means of screws 53, and therefore when the yoke is moved it will move the sleeve 40 in amanner quite apparent. The L 13 is provided with a tubular hub portion 54 through which the reduced end section 55 of the rotatable member 52 extends. A gear 56 is secured to the outer end of the cylindrical portion 55 and held against movement with respect thereto by means of a set screw 57 A hand wheel 58 is also secured to the part 55 and held against rotation by a set screw 57. By rotating the member 52 by means of force applied to the hand wheel 58, the U-shaped yoke will be moved longitudinally and this in turn will move the cylindrical sleeve 40 so as to regu late the area of the opening between ltlge e stop cock 25 is provided with a rotatable plug 59 which has an opening 60, in a manner common in this type of valves. The plug 59 has attached to one end thereof, a rod or shaft 61, that extends through an opening 62 in the outer end of the transverse supporting bar 63. The segmental gear 64 is secured to the shaft 61 and is in mesh with the gear 56. A hand wheel 65 is also secured to the end of shaft 61 in the manner shown. It is now apparent that when hand wheel 58 is rotated, shaft 61 will also be rotated and by properly positioning the gears 56 and 64, the gas and air can be simultaneously adjusted so as to any reason, a combination of gas and oil fuel is used, the parts can be interconnected in the manner shown.

member 33 and the inner surface air and When the stop cock is in open position, gas will enter chamber 37 and will flow through the openings 36 into the interior of from thence through the annular nozzle 42 her. At the same time air will flow from pipe 14 into the burner and if the parts are adjusted so as to provide an opening between surfaces 15 and 45, a portion of the air will flow through the annular space between of member 7 and the outer surfaces of members 18 and and thence into the combustion chamber. The deflectors 16 will give the stream of air a rotary motion so that when it enters the combustion chamher, it will follow'a' helical path. Another portion of the air will flow through the interior of member 29 and will strike the deflectors 32 which will give it a rotary motion. As this air passes inwardly towards the combustion chamber, it will become commingled with the gas and a mixture of air and gas will therefore enter the combustion chamber through the opening in the nozzle. Streams of air will also flow through openings 47 and as these streams havea helical motion they will tend to set up a rotation of the stream of gas and'will also assist in more thoroughly mixing the air and the gas.

When oil or other liquid fuel is used, the

stop cock is closed'and disconnected from the adjusting mechanism. lVhen the needle valve 26 is open, oil will nular chamber 38 and thence through openings 39 into the interior the same time air will flow inwardly along the two paths in the manner above described. The rotating stream of air that passes through members 29 and 33 will serve to break up the liquid fuel into small particles which will then become entrained in the air current and will be carried inwardly into the combustion chamber. The fine streams of air that enter through openings 47 will assist in breaking up the oil globules and in more thoroughly mixing the oil with the air. The streams of air entering through openings I '47 also serve to catch any unvaporized fuel and direct it back into the stream of combustible mixture so as to prevent oil from into the combustion chamflow into' the anof member 33. At-

dripping ontov the inner surface of the com bustion chamber.

Attention is called to the inward taper of member 33 and to the constricted inner opening of the nozzle which serve to impart to the stream of air an inspirator action that assists in drawing the gas or liquid fuel into the stream of air, so as to assure a proper mixture. The extent of the suction produced by the air varies with the velocity of the air and therefore when the greater quantity of air is admitted, it will automatically increase the amount of fuel due to the suction referred to. Owing to the interconnection of the fuel control valve with the air control, the amount of fuel, is also automatically varied in accfrdance with the volume of air admitted.

The flame which is produced by this burner enters the combustion chamber at a high rotary speed and therefore it has a tendency to spread outwardly and come in contact with the inner surface of the combustion chamber and to thereby facilitate the transfer of heat to the walls of this chamber.

From the-above description it will be apparent that I have produced a simple and Having described the invention what is claimed as new is:

1. A burner of the class described comprising, in combination, a hollow cylindrical member, one end of which is adapted to extend into one end of a cylindrical combustion chamber, means for introducing air under pressure into the outer end of the member, a tubular member located within the cylindrical member with its outer surface spaced from the inner surface of the cylindrical member whereby an annular cylindrical passage is formed between the two members and whereby the central stream and a hollow cylindrical stream, a plurality of spaced helical. deflectors" located in the annular space a plurality of helical deflectors located in the interior of the tubular member and means between the last named deflectors and the delivery end of the burner for introducing fuel into the interior of the tubular member.

2. A burner of the class described comprising, in combination, a hollow cylindrical drical passage is formed between the two air is separated into a solid lindrical stream, a plurality of spaced helical deflectors located in the annular space, a plurality of helical deflectors located in the interior of the tubular member, means between the last named deflectors and the delivery end of the burner for introducing fuel into the interior of the tubular member and means for producing a plurality of inwardly directed air streams near the delivery end of the burner, said streams forming lc)hords of the opening in the tubular mem- 3. At burner of the class described comprising, in combination, a hollow cylindrical member, one end of-which is adapted to extend into one end of a cylindrical combustion chamber, means for introducing air underpressure into the outer end of the member,"a tubular member located within the cylindrical member with its outer surface spaced from the inner surface of the cylindrical member whereby an annular cylindrical passage is formed between theetwo members and whereby the air is separated into a solid central streamand a hollow cylindrical stream, a plurality of spaced helical deflectors located in the annular space, a plurality of helical deflectors located in the interior of the tubular member, means between the last named deflectors and the delivery end of the burner for introducing fuel into the interior of the tubular member, means for producing a plurality of inwardly directed air streams near the delivery end of the burner, said streams forming chords of the opening in the tubular member, means for constricting the central solid stream where it leaves the burner, and means for ex panding the onter hollow stream where it leaves the burner.

4. A burner of the class described compris-' ing, in combination, a tubular cylindrical member, means for connecting one end of said member with a source of air under pres sure, the other end terminating in a combustion chamber, means for separating the air stream into a solid central stream and a hollow cylindrical stream, said means comprising a tubular member of smaller outside diameter than the inside diameter of the cylindrical member and means for holding the tubularmember in concentric relation with the cylindrical member whereby an annular cylindrical air passage is formed, aplurality of spaced helical deflectors within the annular passage, a plurality of helical deflectors located in the interior .of the tubular member for imparting a rotary motion to the central air stream, means for introducing fuel into the interior of the tubular member,

a spreader slidably connected with the tubular member, and means for adjusting its position longitudinally with respect to the cylindrical member.

5. A burner of the class described-comprising, in combination, a hollow cylindrical body member, one end of which is adapted to terminate within a combustion chamber and the other to be connected with a source ofair under pressure, a cylindrical tubular member located within the cylindrical member, the outside diameter of the tubular member being less'than the inside diameter of the lar chamber,--means for moving the sleeve longitudinally for the purpose of controlling. the area of the discharge opening, helical deflectors in the annular passageway, helical deflectors in the tubular member, and means for introducing fuel into the tubular member between'the helical deflectors and the discharge end of the ,burner.

6. A burner of the class described comprising, 'n combination, a hollowcylindrical body mem er, one end of which is adapted to ter- .minate within a combustion chamber and ber, the outside diameter of the tubular member being less than-the inside diameter of the hollow cylindrical member, means for supporting the tubular member concentrically within the hollow cylindrical member whereby an annular space is formed between the two, a cylindrical sleeve slidably mounted on the tubular member, one end of said sleeve having an outwardly extending flange of greater diameter than the cylindrical memher and adaptedto cooperate with the latter to control the discharge of air from the annular chamber, means for moving the sleeve longitudinally fdr'the purpose of controlling the area of the discharge opening, helical deflectors in the annular passageway, helical deflectors in the tubular member, means for introducing fuel into the tubular member between the helical deflectors and the dischargeend of the burner, and a plurality of helically arranged openings in the flange, one end of each opening being in comniunication with the annular chamber.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

WILLIAM A. J. KREAGER. 

